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Christian Doctrine and Modern Culture is the fifth and final volume of my history of the development of Christian doctrine, and it has in many ways turned out to be the “Sorgenkind,” as my friends (including Albert C. Outlet and the late Willi...

The term Classical Hebrew refers to the Standard Biblical Hebrew found in the prose sections of Genesis through 2 Kings. To be sure, this grammar prepares students to read the Hebrew of the entire biblical text, but the earlier material is con...

Mesopotamia is the Greek name for the lands of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, currently occupied by Iraq and Syria. This region had no easily defensible frontiers, and throughout historical times fierce hill-people raided from the east, whil...

This book focuses on early Christian Africa, but we need to clarify what we mean by “Africa.” If we say “Africa” today, many people think of the entire continent. This can create misunderstandings because when media outlets refer to problems i...

Much scholarly work has been done on the Bible since the publication in 1951 of the latest volume in the International Critical Commentary (that of J. A. Montgomery and H. S. Gebman on the Books of Kings) - and the bulk of the series is, of co...

This book consists of several investigations into the question: “How did Christianity begin?” Most of the book was written during a National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Seminar at Princeton University.    Stevan Davies - Spirit...

Textual criticism and editing of the New Testament have changed dramatically in the last quarter of a century. It is rather more than thirty years since I began my first researches in the field, and during this period of time I have had to lea...

The Expository Dictionary of the Old Testament will be a useful tool in the hands of the student who has little or no formal training in the Hebrew language. It will open up the treasures of truth that often lie buried in the original language...

Paul has always been my hero. He told us to imitate him (1 Cor 4:16). Aside from Christ himself, perhaps no one else has impacted the world like Paul. 1 fear that many of us place Paul on such a high pedestal (just a few inches below Jesus) th...

This book is a revision of 20th-Century Theology: God and the World in a Transitional Age, coauthored with Stanley J. Grenz and published by InterVarsity Press in 1992. It was intended to be a twentieth anniversary edition of that book with some a...

Resurrecting Easter is a debate about ideas and images or, better, a debate about ideas presented in and by images. It is a tour through thought and theology, an expedition across geographical space and historical time, and, finally, a passage...

A reader who scans this commentary will quickly perceive that it is more an academic than a popular commentary, although I have tried to make it accessible (e.g., using English rather than Greek where feasible) for less academic readers who ar...

In this section the apostolic church grows and even challenges the municipal aristocracy (the local political elite) by an alternative vision of leadership for Israel. This section reports a major public sign and a consequent speech appealing...

Historians recounting the origins of peoples often reported not only the stories of their founders but also major changes in their constitutions after the founders’ deaths. A work documenting the earliest history of the Gentile mission would n...

Perhaps there is no genre of biblical literature about which more has been written than the literary form "parable." This is partly understandable since over one-third of the teachings of Jesus is in the form of parables. However, more signifi...

Already we hold most trusty sureties for this hope, for already there reign here the two chiefs of the apostles, the one he who called the Gentiles, while the other who occupies the foremost chair opens the gates of eternity...

This book deals with two commentary collections from the Hellenistic and Roman periods. The first collection consists of sixteen commentaries on poetic-prophetic passages from the Jewish Scriptures. These commentaries are known as the “(contin...

To write a commentary on the apostle Paul’s letter to the Christians in Rome is a daunting undertaking. Paul’s letters are such a dominant element in the New Testament, and so form a central part of the Christian scriptures, the constitutional...

Since the publication of its first edition in 1982, Edward Fudge’s book. The Fire that Consumes has been the fullest and most thorough exposition and defense of the view that the fate of the unsaved will be final destruction, not (as in the tr...

The term “patristic” first appeared in print in the work of the Lutheran scholar J. F. Buddeus in 1727 (Mühlenberg 1996, 100). The word calls on a very ancient, inner-church tradition in vigor at least since the fourth century, recognizing cer...

For over five decades The Oxford Annotated Bible and its successor The New Oxford Annotated Bible have served generations of readers and students as a study Bible. That extraordinary longevity is eloquent testimony to its success. This fifth e...

For nearly five decades The Oxford Annotated Bible and its successor The New Oxford Annotated Bible have served generations of readers and students as a study Bible. That extraordinary longevity alone is eloquent testimony to its success. This...

The periodical gathering of the Christian Church has a long and complex history. This present study endeavours to give a reconstruction of the earliest stages of this history. As a social and religious phenomenon, the early Christian gathering...

Jewish and Christian traditions, which claimed to be monotheistic, depicted the one true God for the most part in masculine terms and images. In contrast, the feminine belonged self-evidently to polytheistic mythology, in particular to the Gre...